Karl Marx 1818-1883
Marxism is a varied and intricate body of thought that escapes the categories imposed by academic specialization. Hence in most of today's universities, the ideas of Marx are probed by philosophers and historians, by economists and students of government, as well as by sociologists. Outside those universities, Marx has been cited (not always correctly) by revolutionaries and condemned by the leaders of threatened state governments since 1848, when with Friedrich Engels he published a pamphlet entitled The Communist Manifesto (Perdue, 1986, p. 208).